Until fairly recently, it
was thought that a baby’s sex was determined by the mother’s cells. That was
why, in many cultures, women were blamed when they gave birth to girls. However,
this belief was negated with the arrival of the Quran where it is stated that
masculinity or femininity is created out of “a drop of semen which has been
ejected”.
“He has created both
sexes, male and female from a drop of semen which has been ejected.” (The Quran,
53:45-46)
With the development of
genetics science and molecular biology in the 20th century,
Scientists have validated the accuracy of this information given by the Quran.
It is now understood that the sex is determined by the sperm cells from the
male, and that the female does not play the main role in this process.
Chromosomes are the main
elements in determining sex. Two of the 46 chromosomes that determine the
structure of a human being are identified as sex chromosomes. These two
chromosomes are called “XY” in males, and “XX” in females, because the shapes
of the chromosomes resemble these letters. The Y chromosome carries
characteristics of masculinity, while the X chromosome carries those of
femininity. In the mother’s egg, there is only the X chromosome, which
determines female characteristics. In the semen from the father, there are
sperms that includes either X or Y chromosomes. Therefore, the sex of the baby
depends on whether the sperm fertilizing the mother’s egg (ovum) contains an X
or Y chromosome. For example, if an X chromosome from the female unites with a
sperm that contains X chromosomes, then the baby is a female. If it unites with
the sperm that contains a Y chromosome, the baby is male. In other words, as
stated in the verse, the factor determining the sex of the baby is the semen
which comes from the father. This knowledge, which could not have been known at
the time when the Quran was revealed, is evidence to the fact that the Quran is
the word of God.
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