Hari Merdeka (Malaysian for 'Independence Day'), also known as Hari Kebangsaan ('National Day') is the official national day of Malaysia as defined in the Article 160 of the Constitution of Malaysia, to commemorate the Malayan Declaration of Independence on 31 August 1957. The day is marked by official and unofficial ceremonies and observances.
The annual observation of 31 August as Malaysia's national day, despite being defined in the constitution, does not left unchallenged over the years. There have been calls by certain quarters to prioritize the celebration of Hari Malaysia (Malaysia Day) commemorating the formation of Malaysia in 1963, especially from those of East Malaysia, by arguing that it is illogical to celebrate the 31 August 1957 as the national day when "Malaysia" only existed from 1963.This argument is ignorant with the fact that legally, 'the Federation' as defined in the same Article 160 of the Constitution of Malaysia is 'the Federation' that was established under Federation of MalayaAgreement 1957, not the Malaysia Agreement 1963. In 1963, 'the Federation', then named the Federation of Malaya, was further enlarged and renamed Malaysia, when the existing states of Malaya merged with North Borneo, Sarawak, and Singapore. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hari_Merdeka
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