(i) Institutional characteristics that may affect quality;
(ii) Instructional quality;
(iii) Research quality; and
(iv) Student quality.
As for undergraduate program, such measures as faculty-student ratios, faculty qualification, libraries and computer facilities and student selectivity are often used as proxies for educational quality.
As for graduate education, it is often argued there is a strong correlation between the quality of faculty research and the quality of education. Nevertheless, the measures of faculty research do not tell us how well a program is structured, whether it offers a nurturing environment for students. “Faculty-student ratio” is used to capture the teaching quality of an institution based on the methodology of the THES ranking.
Institutional characteristics include citation per faculty, faculty-teacher ratio, and the percentages of international student and faculty. Citation per faculty, defined as the number of citations for academic papers published by each faculty member, was intended to measure universities’ research prowess. Faculty-to-student ratio was used to measure universities’ commitment to teaching. Finally, the THES used the percentage of international faculty and the percentage of international student to quantify universities’ international orientation.
English-speaking countries have an advantage in the reputational rankings of their universities by virtue of the fact that the leading international journals are published in English. English has become the lingua franca of worldwide academia. This has also led to an advantage in competing for talent on a worldwide basis for universities in English-speaking countries.
How our education system in local universities can provide quality high income society as planned by New Economic Model.
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